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National Men's Health Week
COMPLETE SURVEY WITH METHODOLOGY

SURVEY OVERVIEW

    Since 1995, the editors at Men’s Health have conducted a nationwide survey to examine male health behaviors, habits, and attitudes.

    These surveys, conducted in cooperation with CNN, have revealed some alarming but important information about what men are doing to reduce their risk for health problems and diseases, and areas where they need to make improvements.

    This year we once again examined many of these issues, but thought it would be useful to explore some new, emerging and sometimes disturbing trends among both men and women when it comes to their health and lifestyle.

In particular, we examined:

The Self Care Movement: Millions of individuals, both men and women, have been turning to self-care as a way to maintain their health and reduce their likelihood for developing disease. What changes are people making, and are they potentially putting themselves at risk for serious health problems with their actions?

Medical Examinations: As the population ages, are we taking advantage of the medical tests and screenings available that can identify health problems in their earliest and most treatable stages?

Doctor/Patient Relationships: Past surveys have indicated that nearly 7 million men haven’t had a regular health check in a decade or more. What really keeps men and women from seeing their doctor for regular health checks? How much impact does the current health insurance system have on the doctor/patient relationship? Is our fast paced society to blame for our neglect in getting regular check ups?

Erectile Dysfunction: When Viagra burst onto the medical scene last year, it brought a serious male health problem out of the shadows. Are men still keeping this problem behind closed doors? How willing are they to seek advice and counsel from their physician?

Food Shopping and Disease: Does an apple a day really keep the doctor away? How much attention do Americans pay to what they purchase in the grocery store and its potential for disease reduction? How much does price impact healthy eating? Are men or women more selective in grocery buying habits?

Nutrition: Are people eating as healthfully as they should? What would make them improve their nutritional habits? How much of a role could or should doctors play in improving nutritional behavior?

    Once again this year, we explored the differences in attitudes and behaviors of various generations and genders. We believe that as our nation ages, and these differences become more pronounced, the nation will be forced to make significant changes in how we approach health. Exactly what steps we take will have an enormous impact on our society.


Personal Health and Self-Care

Most Americans, regardless of sex, think they are in very good health, and many say they are now more likely to treat themselves for common health problems than they were just 12 months ago.

Men are no more or less likely than women to say they’re in good health or that they’re now more likely to treat themselves. Generation does play a role in self-care, however. Generation X and Boomers are more likely to say they’re now taking care of themselves, while Matures still opt for the doctor first.

Nineteen percent of all adults say they’re in excellent health, and an additional 39% rate their health as very good.
    - People living in households with incomes of $35,000 or more are more likely to
      say their health is very good to excellent (66% vs. 47%).

Forty percent of all adults say that compared to 12 months ago, they are now more likely to treat themselves for common health problems before going to the doctor.
    - X’ers (50%) and Boomers (41%) are more likely than Matures (26%) to opt for
     treating themselves first.

    - Residents of Western states are more likely than those living in the rest of the country
    to practice self-care as a first option (47% vs. 38%).

The Doctor: To Go or Not To Go? Is This Self-Care Run Amuck?

Sure, most Americans would go to the doctor for really serious complaints like blurred vision or chest pain. But what is really amazing are the large numbers of people who wouldn’t go even in the face of these dire circumstances. And among those who would go, many wouldn’t go right away, opting instead to wait a day or two to see if things got better on their own.

Men are the worst. Regardless of whether the complaint is as minor as a headache or as serious as a heart attack, men are significantly less likely than women to say they would go to the doctor.

Only 75 percent of the nation’s adults would go to the doctor if they experienced chest pain, and fully one in every five (20%) would wait a day or two first.

    - Men are less likely then women to go to the doctor at all for chest pain (66% vs. 83%).

Only 70 percent say they would go to the doctor if they experienced another sure sign of heart trouble, shortness of breath. Worse, more than one in four (28%) say they would wait a day or two before going.

    - Men are less likely than women to say they would go to the doctor at all for shortness of breath (63% vs. 77%).

Eighty-two percent of all adults would go to the doctor if they experienced blurred vision, but 37% would wait a day or two first.

    - Men are less likely than women to say they’d go to the doctor for this reason
(78% vs. 86%).

Seventy-six percent would go to the doctor for a serious cut or burn, and fortunately, only 16 percent would wait a day or two first.

Even when it comes down to something as central to a man’s identity as erectile dysfunction, fully 27 percent of men would not go to the doctor , and fully 44 percent would wait a day or two first.

Going To The Doctor When Faced With Specific Medical Symptoms

  Would Go To The Doctor How They Go

Symptom


Total
%

Men
%

Women
%

Go Right Away
%
Wait a Day or
Two First
%

Blurred Vision

82 78 86 45 37
Serious cuts or burns 76 75 78 60 16
Chest pain or discomfort 75 66 83 55 20
Shortness of breath 70 63 77 41 28
Frequent need to urinate 60 55 65 20 40
Erectile dysfunction (Men) 73 73 N/A 29 44
Back Pain 33 32 33 5 27
Headaches 24 20 28 3 20
Cold or the flu 22 20 24 5 17

Keeping Up With Regular Tests & Medical Examinations

Most Americans simply aren’t taking the necessary steps to detect serious illness. Only half the nation’s adults have an annual eye exam, and only about two in five had their cholesterol checked in last 12 months. More importantly, the nation’s adults are not getting screened for serious diseases like cancer, diabetes and heart disease. Here again, men are less likely than women to take steps toward early detection of disease, including high cholesterol, cancer or diabetes

Medical Tests and Examinations Taken In The Past Twelve Months

Medical Tests Men
%
Women
%
Eye Examination 51 54
High Cholesterol 38 42
Cancer 32 55
     Prostate 23 --
     Digital Rectal Exam 21 --
     Colon cancer 15 14
     Breast cancer -- 38
     Cervical cancer -- 38
Diabetes 25 31
Blood fat profile 22 19
Echocardiogram 18 19
Asthma/Allergies 14 20
Body Fat Analysis 12 12
Osteoporosis -- 17
None of these 29 13
Interviews (503) (500)

What Keeps Folks Out of The Doctors Office?

Men and women alike have a variety of reasons for not going to the doctor, with most blaming it on that old familiar scapegoat of "no time." Basically, people just think it’s too much trouble to get a checkup when nothing is bothering them. What compounds this non-preventive mindset is the complaint that it’s just too hard to work a doctor’s appointment into a tight work schedule.

Poor health insurance coverage and red tape is another significant barrier to routine health care. One in four (25%) adults simply aren’t covered for regular doctor visits, and a similar proportion (21%) complain that dealing with doctors and health insurance companies is just too much trouble.

 

What Keeps People From Seeing The Doctor?

Reasons

Total
%

Too much trouble to get checked when nothing
is bothering you
40
Too difficult to work into my schedule 26
Don't have coverage for check-ups 25
Don't have regular or family doctor 22
Dealing with doctors or health insurance companies
is too much trouble
21
My health insurance makes it too hard to regularly
see the same doctor
14
My doctor is the kind of person who is hard to
talk to
13
The doctor's office is too far from my job 10
It's just too uncomfortable in the doctor's office 4
Interviews (1003)

Viagra

Results from the 1999 Men’s Health Week Survey suggest that approximately 4.7 million American men have suffered symptoms that made them think they may have needed the drug Viagra in the past six months, and that approximately 1.9 million men have used Viagra during this time.

Five percent of all men experienced a symptom in the last six months that made them think they might need Viagra.

Two percent of all men have used Viagra at some time during the past six months – that’s 1,742,226 guys that could use a little more than just a helping hand.

Twenty-six percent of all men would wait a month or more before talking with a doctor about Viagra, even if they had experienced symptoms. An additional 11 percent say they would never go.

    - Boomers (32%) are more likely than X’ers (25%) or Matures (21%) to wait.

    - X’ers (22%) are more likely than Boomers (11%) or Matures (17%) to go within
       the first day or two.

Despite the fanfare and media attention given this drug, as well as advertising talking about the challenges of impotence, men are extremely reluctant to talk with their doctors about this condition. Nearly two in every five men (37%) say if they experienced symptoms, they would wait a month or more before seeing a doctor – or they wouldn’t talk with the doctor at all! Boomers are more likely than either Generation X’ers or Matures to wait a month or more before seeking help. X’ers, on the other hand, are most likely to seek help immediately.

Amount of Time Men Would Wait Before Seeing
The Doctor If They Thought They Needed Viagra

------------ Generations------------
Time All Men
%
Generation X
%
Boomers
%
Matures
%
One or two days 17 22 11 17
Several days, but less than one week 10 11 9 10
More than a week, but less than
a month
17 20 19 8
A month or more 26 25 32 20
Would not go 11 6 12 26
Don't know 19 16 17 26
Total 100 100 100 100
Interviews (503) (179) (205) (111)

Food, Wonderful Food

Americans have an undying faith in the healing power of food. Four in every five adults believe that eating a healthy diet can reduce the risk of disease. Moreover, as many as nine in every ten believe it’s likely that foods like fruits, vegetables and grains contain naturally occurring substances that help prevent problems as serious as cancer.

Men are less likely than women to believe in the healing power of food, although even for them, the majority believe healthy eating reduces health risks. Education also plays a role. People with a college education are more likely than others to think it’s very likely that foods naturally contain substances that fight disease.

A total of 83 percent of all adults think healthy eating reduces the risk of disease either greatly (54%) or somewhat (29%).

    - Fifty-eight percent of women think healthy eating reduces risk greatly, compared to 49
       percent of men.

A total of 87 percent of all adults think it’s very (47%) or somewhat (40%) likely that foods naturally contain substances that prevent disease.
    - Fifty-four percent of people with at least some college education think some foods prevent disease,                 compared to 38 percent with a high school education or less.

Do People Really Go Shopping For Health?

Large numbers of Americans actually do go shopping for health when they enter the grocery store. Two in every five say their desire to ensure their overall good health greatly affects their purchase decisions in the grocery store. More specifically, 20 percent or more say the need to manage an existing health problem, a desire to reduce weight, lower their cholesterol intake or get more fiber in their diet greatly affects their purchase decisions.

Women are more likely to say specific health concerns greatly influence what they buy at the grocery store.

What "greatly" affects grocery purchase decisions:

Forty percent of all adults say it’s their desire to ensure good health.
    - Women are more likely than men to say this affects their purchases a great deal (46% vs. 33%).

Thirty-three percent of adults say it’s a desire to reduce the amount of fat in their diet.
    - Women are more likely than men to say this (38% vs. 27%)

Twenty-eight percent say it’s a desire to reduce cholesterol intake.
    - Women are more likely than men to say this (33% vs. 23%)

Twenty-seven percent say it’s the desire to reduce the risk of a specific health problem.
    - Women are more likely than men to say this (30% vs. 24%)

Twenty percent say it’s the need to manage or treat an existing health problem.
   - Women are more likely than men to say this (22% vs. 17%).

Factors Greatly Affecting Purchases
In The Grocery Store

Factors Total
%
Men
%
Women
%
Ensure overall good health 40 33 46
Reduce fat intake 33 27 38
Reduce cholesterol intake 28 23 33
Reduce risk of a specific health problem or condition 27 24 30
Reduce or control weight 25 19 31
Improve stamina or increase energy levels 25 21 28
Get more fiber 25 18 30
Manage or treat on your own a specific health problem 20 17 22
Slow down the aging process 14 12 15
Manage stress 13 11 15
Enhance athletic performance 12 13 12
Interviews (1003) (503) (500)

What health problems are people trying to prevent?

Thirty-five percent of people trying to reduce the risk of disease are trying to prevent heart problems.

Eighteen percent are trying to reduce the risk of cancer

Prevailing Attitudes Toward Shopping & Food

One look at these survey findings, and you might think all of America walks into the grocery store thinking of nothing but health and with their wallets hanging wide open. Seventy percent of all adults claim they balance unhealthy food choices with more healthful ones, and half (54%) say they usually just buy whatever they want and don’t pay too much attention to price.

But for many people, the grocery store looms as a place to be avoided. One quarter of adults say they’ll do anything to avoid the grocery store, and looking for a hasty exit, seventeen percent claim they never pick up more items than they can get through the express lane.

Men are more likely than women to favor both the express lane and the grocery’s deli counter.

Here’s where people agree when it comes to food shopping:

Seventy percent agree that they try to balance purchases of healthy and unhealthy foods.
    - Men are less likely than women to strike this balance (65% vs. 75%)

Fifty-four percent agree that they usually just buy whatever they want, regardless of price.

Forty-three percent of parents say they avoid going grocery shopping with their kids.
    - Women are more likely than men to avoid taking the kids (47% vs. 37%)

Twenty-eight percent of all adults agree that they do anything to avoid shopping.
    - No gender difference here.

Seventeen percent agree they never pick up more items than they can take through the express lane.
    - Men are more likely than women to say this (20% vs. 14%)

Seventeen percent prefer buying foods that are already prepared from the grocery’s deli section.
    - Men are more likely than women to say this (20% vs. 14%)

Agreement With Each Of The Following Statements
About Grocery Shopping

Total
Agree
%

----- Sex -----
Statements Men
%
Women
%
Try to balance unhealthy food choices with healthy ones 70 65 75
Usually just buy the things I want and don't pay attention to price 54 57 52
Typically use my bank or credit card to check-out at the grocery store 33 36 31
Avoid going grocery shopping with my kids 43 37 47
Do anything to avoid going grocery shopping 28 27 29
Usually end up buying a lot of junk food when I go grocery shopping 19 22 16
Never pick up more than I can check out at the express lane 17 20 14
Prefer buying foods from the grocery's deli section 17 20 14
Interviews (1003) (503) (500)

So, If Food’s So Great, How Come Your Diet Isn’t?

People may think food is the best thing since sliced bread, but they sure aren’t eating that way. The majority of adults think their diet could be healthier, and most have a litany of excuses for it. Incredibly, despite their belief in the preventive power of food, most say they don’t eat well because they’re not coping with a current health problem.

Nineteen percent of all adults think their diet could be a lot healthier, and an additional 46 percent say it could be somewhat healthier.

Why is my diet not as healthy as it could possibly be?

Twenty-nine percent say it’s because they do not currently have a health problem like cancer or heart disease.
    - Men are more likely than women to give this excuse (36% vs. 24%).

Twenty-six percent say it’s because they’re not trying to lose weight.
    - Men are more likely than women to give this excuse (29% vs. 23%).

Twenty-one percent say it’s because healthy food tastes awful.
    - Men are more likely than women say this (25% vs. 17%).

Sixteen percent say it’s because their doctor hasn’t told them to.
    - Men are more likely than women to be waiting for their doctors permission to eat
       healthfully (18% vs. 13%).

Why People’s Diets Aren’t As Healthy
As They Could Possibly Be

(Based on those whose diets aren’t as healthy as they could possibly be)

----- Sex -----
Reasons Total
%
Men
%
Women
%
Don't have a serious health problem
like cancer or heart disease
29 36 24
Not trying to lose weight 26 29 23
Healthy foods taste awful 21 25 17
Eating healthy is too expensive 19 14 23
Doctor hasn't told me to start
eating more healthfully
16 18 13
Getting a little too old to worry about
a healthy diet
8 9 6
Healthy foods give me an upset stomach 6 5 6
None of these reasons 34 33 36
Interviews (894) (452) (442)

 

METHODOLOGY

The Men’s Health/CNN National Men’s Health Week Survey was conducted by Opinion Research Corporation International. The survey is based on a nationwide telephone survey of 1000 adults, aged 18 and older during the period of April 15-18, 1999. The margin of error one might reasonably expect from a sample of this size is +/- 3 percentage points. In addition to sampling error, question wording and the practical difficulties of conducting survey research can introduce bias into the results of survey questions.

 


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